Later, as the design of civilian structures, such as bridges and buildings, matured as a technical discipline, the term civil engineering entered the lexicon as a way to distinguish between those specializing in the construction of such non-military projects and those involved in the discipline of military engineering.
1250), meaning "innate quality, especially mental power, hence a clever invention." The word "engine" itself is of even older origin, ultimately deriving from the Latin ingenium (c. Notable examples of the obsolete usage which have survived to the present day are military engineering corps, e.g., the U.S. The term engineering is derived from the word engineer, which itself dates back to the 14th century when an engine'er (literally, one who builds or operates a siege engine) referred to "a constructor of military engines." In this context, now obsolete, an "engine" referred to a military machine, i.e., a mechanical contraption used in war (for example, a catapult). Relief map of the Citadel of Lille, designed in 1668 by Vauban, the foremost military engineer of his age.Įngineering has existed since ancient times, when humans devised inventions such as the wedge, lever, wheel and pulley, etc.
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The creative application of scientific principles to design or develop structures, machines, apparatus, or manufacturing processes, or works utilizing them singly or in combination or to construct or operate the same with full cognizance of their design or to forecast their behavior under specific operating conditions all as respects an intended function, economics of operation and safety to life and property. The American Engineers' Council for Professional Development (ECPD, the predecessor of ABET) has defined "engineering" as:
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